History of the Township of Pennsville

Over 325 years have passed since our early colonists arrived in the Penn's Neck area.  Our Township has changed its name several times.  Quihawkin, Kinseyville, Biddle's, and Cravens Ferry are names unfamiliar to the residents of Pennsville today.  Today we are known as the Township of Pennsville.

Shortly after the Swedes and Finns settled in Wilmington, Delaware in 1638, they migrated across the Delaware River into New Jersey where they found the area more suited to farming for those who were not interested in the trade business.  The majority of the Finns settled near the Finn's Point Lighthouse, and the Swedes near the area that had at one time been called Churchtown.

When the early colonists arrived, there were three clans of the Lenni-Lenape tribe living in the area along the Delaware River which they called Shanaigah.  Obisquahassit  was the name of the old Indian Chief who sold land to the settlers.  Records of land purchases date back to 1665.

Several early homes within our Township have been preserved as private residences, six of which are pre-revolutionary, built between 1726 and 1775.

Shad fishing, in addition to farming, was one of the chief occupations for the residents of Pennsville.  In later years industrial development in the area offered employment, the largest being the DuPont Company.  Today we are a riverfront community which encompasses approximately 24.2 square miles with a population of approximately 14,000.  Located in the northwest corner of Salem County, Pennsville Township is easily accessible to the metropolitan areas of Wilmington, Philadelphia, and New York.


CSAMonumentMD994.jpg (44387 bytes)Finn's Point and Fort Mott - In order to get to Finn's Point, you must go through Fort Mott, which was named in honor of Major General Gersham Mott, who died in 1884. The Federal Government acquired this land in 1837 in order to build fortifications to guard the mouth of the Delaware River. The building of gun emplacements was started in 1872, but it was not until the 1890's that real development occurred, and troops were stationed there. Fort Mott was decommissioned after World War II. Maintained as a State Park, the gun emplacements remain, as well as the parade grounds and several buildings and officer's homes.


J
ust up the road from Fort Mott is the Finn's Point Lighthouse, which was in use from 1876 until 1950. It is a Rear Range Light with 150,000 candle power, lighted each night by a lighthouse keeper who had to climb 127 steps in order to light it; it was made automatic in 1939. It is now the property of the U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. The Lighthouse is open for tours from April to October (the third Sunday from 12 to 4 p.m.

 

Township Names - Settled c.1683 by the Swedes and Finns, known after 1675 as West Fenwick, called Penn's Neck in 1701, becoming known as Lower Penn's Neck when it was subdivided from Upper Penn's Neck and Oldman's Townships in 1721, according to W. W. Summerill, but incorporated in 1798, and finally becoming the Township of Pennsville by a vote of its residents in 1965, the population is now 13,800. * Even though historians disagree on the exactness of some of the aforesaid dates, the most important thing to those of us who live here is that we call it "home". Cemeteries - The first cemetery in Pennsville Township was in all probability Finn's Point, although there are no early grave markers there. Finn's Point is now a national cemetery, with lovely monuments to the Union soldiers who served as guards at Fort Delaware as well as to the 2,400 Confederate soldiers who died as prisoners there. Fort Delaware is better known to the local residents as Pea Patch Island. The cemetery also contains the graves of several German prisoners of World War II who died in work camps in this area.
 

 

* The Population of Pennsville according to the 2000 Census is now 13,194

-Taken from the Salem County
Historical Society newsletter
September 1991

    

For more information on the history of Pennsville, visit the
Pennsville Historical Society Website

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