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History of the Township of Pennsville
Over 325 years have passed since our early colonists
arrived in the Penn's Neck area. Our Township has changed its name several
times. Quihawkin, Kinseyville, Biddle's, and Cravens Ferry are names
unfamiliar to the residents of Pennsville today. Today we are known as the
Township of Pennsville.
Shortly after the Swedes and Finns settled in Wilmington,
Delaware in 1638, they migrated across the Delaware River into New Jersey
where they found the area more suited to farming for those who were not
interested in the trade business. The majority of the Finns settled near
the Finn's Point Lighthouse, and the Swedes near the area that had at one
time been called Churchtown.
When the early colonists arrived, there were three clans of
the Lenni-Lenape tribe living in the area along the Delaware River which
they called Shanaigah. Obisquahassit was the name of the old Indian Chief
who sold land to the settlers. Records of land purchases date back to 1665.
Several early homes within our Township have been preserved
as private residences, six of which are pre-revolutionary, built between
1726 and 1775.
Shad fishing, in addition to farming, was one of the chief
occupations for the residents of Pennsville. In later years industrial
development in the area offered employment, the largest being the DuPont
Company. Today we are a riverfront community which encompasses
approximately 24.2 square miles with a population of approximately 14,000.
Located in the northwest corner of Salem County, Pennsville Township is
easily accessible to the metropolitan areas of Wilmington, Philadelphia, and
New York.
Finn's Point and Fort Mott
- In
order to get to Finn's Point, you must go through Fort Mott, which
was named in honor of Major General Gersham Mott, who died in 1884.
The Federal Government acquired this land in 1837 in order to build
fortifications to guard the mouth of the Delaware River. The
building of gun emplacements was started in 1872, but it was not
until the 1890's that real development occurred, and troops were
stationed there. Fort Mott was decommissioned after World War II.
Maintained as a State Park, the gun emplacements remain, as well as
the parade grounds and several buildings and officer's homes.
Just up the road from Fort Mott is the
Finn's Point
Lighthouse,
which was in use from 1876 until 1950. It is a Rear Range
Light with
150,000 candle power, lighted each night by a lighthouse keeper who
had to climb 127 steps in order to light it; it was made automatic
in 1939. It is now the property of the U.S. Department of Interior,
Fish and Wildlife Service. The Lighthouse is open for tours from
April to October (the third Sunday from 12 to 4 p.m.
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| Township Names - Settled c.1683 by the Swedes and Finns,
known after 1675 as West Fenwick, called Penn's Neck in 1701,
becoming known as Lower Penn's Neck when it was subdivided from
Upper Penn's Neck and Oldman's Townships in 1721, according to W. W.
Summerill, but incorporated in 1798, and finally becoming the
Township of Pennsville by a vote of its residents in 1965, the
population is now 13,800. * Even though historians disagree on the
exactness of some of the aforesaid dates, the most important thing
to those of us who live here is that we call it "home". |
Cemeteries -
The
first cemetery in Pennsville Township was in all probability Finn's
Point, although there are no early grave markers there. Finn's Point
is now a national cemetery, with lovely monuments to the Union
soldiers who served as guards at Fort Delaware as well as to the
2,400 Confederate soldiers who died as prisoners there. Fort
Delaware is better known to the local residents as Pea Patch Island.
The cemetery also contains the graves of several German prisoners of
World War II who died in work camps in this area.
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| * The Population of Pennsville
according to the 2000 Census
is now 13,194 |
-Taken from the Salem County
Historical Society newsletter
September 1991 |
For more information on the history of
Pennsville, visit the
Pennsville Historical Society
Website
contact us
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